Ann Arbor staging is the staging system for lymphomas, both in Hodgkin's lymphoma and Non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It was initially developed for Hodgkin's, but has some use in NHL. It has roughly the same function as TNM staging in solid tumors.
The stage depends on both the place where the malignant tissue is located (as located with biopsy, CT scanning and increasingly positron emission tomography) and on systemic symptoms due to the lymphoma.
B symptoms refer to systemic symptoms of fever, night sweats, and weight loss which can be associated with both Hodgkin's lymphoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The presence or absence of B symptoms has prognostic significance and is reflected in the staging of these lymphomas.
The principal stage is determined by location of the tumor:
Stage I
indicates that the cancer is located in a single region, usually one lymph node and the surrounding area. Stage I often will not have outward symptoms.
Stage II
indicates that the cancer is located in two separate regions, an affected lymph node or organ within the lymphatic system and a second affected area, and that both affected areas are confined to one side of the diaphragm - that is, both are above the diaphragm, or both are below the diaphragm.
Stage III
indicates that the cancer has spread to both sides of the diaphragm, including one organ or area near the lymph nodes or the spleen.
Stage IV
indicates diffuse or disseminated involvement of one or more extralymphatic organs, including any involvement of the liver, bone marrow, or nodular involvement of the lungs.
Have you drink a coffee today?
你今天喝了咖啡没？
I just bought a new freeze dried coffee.
Indeed, coffee really makes people stay awake.
and previously thought that it
related to my insomnia.
While I found out today,
I think it wasn`t.
And I know the reason.
原来，
我已习惯了用我的晚安，
来欢呼你每一个早安。
如果，人生只有
吃饭，看戏，冲凉，和睡觉那么简单，
那该多好。
没有东西烦，
不需要想那么多。
突然间，好想平躺在草原上，
闭上双眼，
静静生活。
Picture taken near the Stone Henge.
轻轻闭上眼睛，此刻我觉得清醒。
忽然间好想回到高中form 5 的生活。
上学，吃面，补习, Jamming.
还有MSN陪伴我的每个夜晚。
The MV I like the Most.
Enjoy.
DODOTAY! updated.
Mahjonging is a good exercise.
清一色 10番
四归一（伍） 1番
全求 3番
Total 14番
Dodo wins.
